The availability of post-mortem brains of endangered primates is limited and often does not represent important species-specific developmental hallmarks. Comparative analyses of neuronal phenotypes in closely related species (Homo sapiens human, Pan troglodytes chimpanzees and Pan paniscus bonobos) can shed light onto neuronal changes occurring during evolution, the timing of their appearance and the role of evolutionary mechanisms favoring a particular type of cortical organization in humans. Understanding the evolutionary mechanisms underlying expansion and reorganization of the human brain is essential to comprehend the emergence of the cognitive abilities typical of our species. Species-specific maturation profiles of human, chimpanzee and bonobo neural cellsĮxpression profiling by high throughput sequencing Mouse over screen elements for information.
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